Dreyfus-Model - Levels of Experience

Experience Levels

The levels of this model.

Novice: Provides no experience for the given topic.
Compentence: Provides considerable experience, knowing a set of guidelines.
Proficiency: Very experienced, guided by maxims to reach a goal.
Expertise: Expert that is guided by intuition.
Mastery: Master without need to monitor one's actions.

References

A five-stage model of the mental activities involved in directed skill acquisition (Stuart E. Dreyfus, Hubert L. Dreyfus) - In acquiring a skill by means of instruction and experience, the student normally passes through five developmental stages which we designate novice, competence, proficiency, expertise and mastery.

Resources

Benner Model - Levels of Experience - The Benner model is based on the model of Dreyfus, but adds an additional level and removes the master level. The explanation is based on Andrew Hunt, who adopted the Benner model for the area of software development.